Though mortality rates are low, these fractures seldom occur in isolation and are often associated with serious injuries of the head and neck. All Le Fort fracture types involve the pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bones and therefore, disrupt the intrinsic buttress system to the midface-however further differentiation of Le Fort types I, II, and III depends on involvement of the maxillary, nasal, and zygomatic bones. Originally described by Rene Le Fort in 1901, Le Fort fractures are specific facial bone fracture patterns that occur in the setting of blunt facial trauma (most commonly involving motor vehicle collision, assault, or falls). Quick and accurate diagnosis of Le Fort fractures and associated injuries is crucial to the successful management of blunt head trauma. While mortality rates for Le Fort fractures are low, these complex injuries seldom occur in isolation and are associated with other severe injuries to the head and neck. The limitation of this study, similar to all PRISMA-guided review articles, is the dependence on previously published research and availability of references as outlined in our methodology. It was also found that there is a general lack of published Level I, Level II, and Level III studies regarding Le Fort fracture management, surgical management, and outcomes. Fifty-one articles were selected, the majority of which were large case studies, and collectively reported that Le Fort fractures are most commonly due to high-velocity MVC and that the severity of fracture type sustained occurred with increasing frequency. The search was narrowed to exclude articles lacking in specificity for Le Fort fractures. The analyzed studies were published between 19. Search terms included “Le Fort fracture”, “facial”, “craniofacial”, and “intracranial.” Articles were selected based on relevance and examined regarding etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and outcomes in adults. A thorough search of the world’s literature following PRISMA guidelines was conducted through PubMed and EBSCO databases. The most common mechanisms of injury for these fractures, which are frequently associated with drug and alcohol use, include motor vehicle collisions, assault, and falls. Le Fort fractures constitute a pattern of complex facial injury that occurs secondary to blunt facial trauma. Chief Surgeon Baghdad Embassy Hospital CHSi - US Dept of State
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